EVERYTHING YOU WANTED TO KNOW ABOUT SMART CITIES
BIBI AMEENA
U11GT21C0955
I Year BCom, Second Semester
Government First Grade College, Tumkur -572104
bibiameenabibiameena49@gmail.com Ph.no: 7619530734
This article is a single-source introduction to the emerging concept of smart cities. It can be used for familiarizing researchers with the vast scope of research possible in this application domain. The smart city is primarily a concept, and there is still not a clear and consistent definition among practitioners and academia. As a simplistic explanation, a smart city is a place where traditional networks and services are made more flexible, efficient, and sustainable with the use of information, digital, and telecommunication technologies to improve the city's operations for the benefit of its inhabitants. Smart cities are greener, safer, faster, and friendlier. The different components of a smart city include smart infrastructure, smart transportation, smart energy, smart health care, and smart technology. These components are what make the cities smart and efficient. Information and communication technology (ICT) are enabling keys for transforming traditional cities into smart cities. Two closely related emerging technology frameworks, the Internet of Things (Iot) and big data (BD), make smart cities efficient and responsive. The technology has matured enough to allow smart cities to emerge. However, there is much needed in terms of physical infrastructure, a smart city, the digital technologies translate into better public services for inhabitants and better use of resources while reducing environmental impacts. One of the formal definitions of the smart city is the following: a city "connecting the physical infrastructure, the information-technology infrastructure, the social infrastructure, and the business infrastructure to leverage the collective intelligence of the city. Another formal and comprehensive definition is "a smart sustainable city is an innovative city that uses information and communication technologies (ICTs) and other means to improve quality of life, efficiency of urban operations and services, and competitiveness, while ensuring the- it meets the needs of present and future generations with respect to economic, social and environmental aspects" need not have all the components to be labeled as smart. The number of smart components depends on the cost and available technology.
INTRODUCTION
This article is a single source introduction to the emerging concept of smart cities. It can be used for familiarizing researchers to the vast scope of research possible in this application domain. The smart city is a concept and there is still not a clear and consistent definition of among practitioners and In a simplistic explanation, a smart city is a place where traditional networks and service are made more flexible, efficient and sustainable with the use of information, digital and telecommunication technologies, to improve its operations for the benefit of its The different inhabitants. Smart cities are greener, safer, faster and friendlier components of a smart city include smart infrastructure, smart transportation, smart energy, smart healthcare, and smart technology. These components are what makes the cities smart and efficient. Information and communication technology (ICT) are enabling keys for transforming traditional cities to smart cities. The two closely related emerging technology frameworks
Internet of Things (IoT) and Big Data (BD) make smart cities efficient and responsive. The technology has reasonably to allow smart cities to emerge. However, there is much need in terms of physical infrastructure, renewable energy, ICT, and Iot, and BD to make the majority of cities worldwide smart.
SMART CITY: WHAT IS IT AND WHY IS IT NEEDED?
What is smart city and why are many people taking about it? In the last several years there has been explosive growth of information and communication technologies (ICTs) due to advancement of hardware and software designs. The use of ICT in cities in various forms for different city activities has led to the increased effectiveness of city operations and these cities have been of a smart city is conceptualized as the ambition to improve economic, social and environmental standards of the city and its inhabitants. Various commonly quoted aspects of city smartness include smart economy, smart people, smart governance, smart mobility, and smart living.
The society theme of a smart city signifies that the city is for its inhabitants or the citizens. The theme of a smarty city signifies that the city is able to thrive with continuous job growth and economic growth. The environment theme of a smart city indicates that the city will be able to sustains.
The sustainability of a smart city is related to city infrastructure and governance, energy and climate change, pollution and waste, and social issues, economics and health. The quality of life (QoL) can be measured in terms of the emotional and financial well-being of the citizens. The urbanization aspects of the smart city include multiple aspects and indicators, such as technology, infrastructure, governance, and economics. The smartness of a smart city is conceptualized as the ambition to improve economic, social and environmental standards of the city and its inhabitants. Various commonly quoted aspects of city smartness include smart economy, smart people, smart governance, smart mobility, and smart living. The society theme of a smart city signifies that the city is for its inhabitants or the citizens. The economy theme of a smarty city signifies that the city is able to thrive with continuous job growth and economic growth. The environment theme of a smart city indicates that the city will be able
SMART INFRASTRUCTURE AND BUILDING
In a classic sense, the infrastructure of a city is any physical component of the city such as roads, buildings, and bridges that make the city and its inhabitants operate. However, in the context of smart cities, anything physical, electrical, and digital that is the backbone of the smart city can be considered as its infrastructure.
There are many examples and a few are: rapid transit system, waste management system, road network, railway network, communication system, traffic light system, street light system, office space, water supply system, gas supply system, power supply system, fire fighting system, hospital system, bridges, apartment homes, hotels, digital library, law enforcement, economy system, etc. The smart infrastructure concept is presented. The backend of the smart infrastructure is the ICT infrastructure which makes the physical infrastructure “smart”. The ICT infrastructure is fundamental to the construction of smart cities and depends on factors related to its availability and performance. The ICT infrastructure includes communication infrastructure such as fiber optics, Wi-Fi networks, wireless hotspots as well as service-oriented information systems. Smart infrastructure is more efficient, safe, secure, and fault-tolerant as compared to classic infrastructure. The smart infrastructure may have physical infrastructure, sensors, firmware, software, and middleware as its overall components. The “middleware” which is a specific type of software typically plays a crucial role in automation and the quick response of smart infrastructure. Middleware accumulates data and combines them into a common platform for analytics and reporting. The middleware in the process can perform web-based dashboard displays for a visual snapshot of the infrastructure.
When experiencing high energy usage, abnormal maintenance costs, and many normal and abnormal situations, the prompt attention of the operation staff is requested. The middleware provides the executives in charge or operation staff numerous information including carbon footprint management and sustainability as well as the big picture of the smart city infrastructure, no matter how many infrastructures, buildings or geographic locations are involved as a whole. The information of the smart infrastructure through the middleware and ICT is available quickly and can be accessed anywhere by the operation staff.